This is a complex and evolving topic, and our understanding is developing all the time.
A note on terminology 'Trans' is an umbrella term describing people “whose gender is not the same as, or does not sit comfortably with, the sex they were assigned at birth”. The DfE does not use the term 'transgender' or 'trans' with respect to children, due to the current legal framework; we use it here to reflect the language often used within the sector and among those who represent the affected groups. 'Gender-questioning' is the term that the DfE currently uses to describe children who are trans, as well as children who may be questioning