Trading subsidiaries in academy trusts: an overview and case study

Traded services can help you to make the most of an area your trust excels in, boost your trust’s income and extend its impact beyond your own schools. Get a simple overview of some of the benefits, risks and considerations and find out how one trust is making it work.

Last reviewed on 22 April 2026
School types: AllSchool phases: AllRef: 46322
Contents
  1. What is a trading subsidiary?
  2. Why consider setting up a trading subsidiary?
  3. Consider the potential risks and challenges
  4. How does it work in practice?
  5. Case study: Thinking Schools Academy Trust (TSAT)

What is a trading subsidiary?

A trading subsidiary is a separate legal company set up and owned (usually wholly) by an academy trust to carry out commercial activities on its behalf.

Typically the subsidiary is structured as a company with profits transferred back to the trust through mechanisms such as Gift Aid. This means that funds ultimately support the trust’s educational mission.

A trading subsidiary allows trusts to

  • Deliver services or sell products externally
  • Generate additional income
  • Manage financial and legal risk outside the core charity

Why consider setting up a trading subsidiary?

For example, if your trust has developed excellent systems for finance and procurement, and you have the talent and capacity to do so, you can