How academy governance works

Learn how academies are governed, including the difference between members and trustees, and find out what key documents you need to be familiar with.

Updated
on 9 April 2025
See updates
School types: AllSchool phases: AllRef: 3402
Contents
  1. Legal status of an academy trust
  2. How governance is structured
  3. Key documents explained
  4. Who oversees academy trusts?
  5. If you want to convert to an academy

The information in this article is based on the model articles of association and funding agreements from the Department for Education (DfE). If you're an academy, check your own articles of association and funding agreement as they may differ from the models.

Legal status of an academy trust

An academy trust:

  • Is a charitable company limited by guarantee
  • Must comply with company and charity law
  • Is an independent legal entity
  • Is the admission authority, meaning it sets and manages its own admissions process
  • Is the 'employer' of staff, meaning it's legally responsible for things like health and safety 

See the 'definitions' section, and sections 4.3 and 7, of the academy trust governance guide.

How governance is structured

All academy trusts are made up of at least 2 layers of governance

  • Members
  • Trustees (also known as directors)

MATs often have a third layer

Single academies usually don't have LGBs